PENGARUH INVESTASI INDUSTRI, PENDIDIKAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN, DAN DUKUNGAN PEMERINTAH TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN LAPANGAN KERJA MELALUI PERTUMBUHAN UMKM DI SUMATERA SELATAN
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh investasi industri, pendidikan kewirausahaan, dan dukungan pemerintah terhadap ketersediaan lapangan kerja melalui pertumbuhan UMKM di Sumatera Selatan. Research gap penelitian ini terletak pada minimnya kajian empiris yang menguji secara simultan ketiga faktor tersebut dengan pertumbuhan UMKM sebagai mediator dalam konteks provinsi berkembang di Indonesia. Kebaruan (novelty) penelitian ini terletak pada pengujian model mediasi penuh dengan memasukkan indikator model-fit terkini (SRMR, NFI, Q², f²) dalam ekosistem UMKM Sumatera Selatan, yang belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode SEM-PLS (SmartPLS 4.0) diterapkan pada 312 pelaku UMKM di 17 kabupaten/kota selama 2022–2024. Hasil menunjukkan investasi industri (β=0,387; p<0,001), pendidikan kewirausahaan (β=0,312; p<0,001), dan dukungan pemerintah (β=0,271; p<0,05) berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan UMKM. Pertumbuhan UMKM secara parsial memediasi hubungan ketiga variabel tersebut dengan ketersediaan lapangan kerja (β=0,504; p<0,001). Model fit terkonfirmasi (SRMR=0,061; NFI=0,913) dengan relevansi prediktif memadai (Q²>0). Temuan ini memberikan implikasi strategis bagi kebijakan pengembangan ekosistem UMKM yang inklusif di Sumatera Selatan.
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