The Jurnal Riset Manajemen dan Bisnis Dewantara (JMD) is committed to maintaining the accuracy, integrity, transparency, and completeness of the scholarly record. Although manuscripts undergo editorial assessment and peer review before publication, circumstances may arise in which a submitted, accepted, or published manuscript requires withdrawal, correction, retraction, or another form of editorial action.
JMD recognizes that such actions must be undertaken carefully, objectively, and in accordance with established publication ethics standards. Editorial actions are intended to correct the scholarly record, protect readers from unreliable or misleading research, and maintain public confidence in academic publishing.
This policy applies to manuscripts submitted to JMD, accepted manuscripts awaiting publication, and articles that have already been formally published.
JMD may retract a published article when there is clear evidence that its findings, data, or conclusions are unreliable or that serious research or publication ethics violations have occurred.
Retraction may be considered in the following circumstances:
There is clear evidence that the research findings are unreliable because of research misconduct, including data fabrication, data falsification, or serious analytical errors, or because of honest errors that substantially affect the reliability of the findings.
The article has been published elsewhere without appropriate attribution, disclosure, permission, or justification, resulting in redundant or duplicate publication.
The article contains substantial plagiarism or the unauthorized appropriation of another person's intellectual contributions.
The research was conducted or reported in violation of applicable ethical standards.
The publication process was compromised by manipulated peer review, fictitious authorship, or other serious forms of publication misconduct.
An undisclosed conflict of interest has materially compromised the interpretation of the findings or the integrity of the review and publication process.
Other serious legal, ethical, or research integrity issues undermine confidence in the reliability of the published article.
Retraction is intended to correct the scholarly record rather than to punish authors. Each case will be assessed individually, taking into account the available evidence, the seriousness of the issue, and its implications for the reliability of the publication.
When a potential case for retraction is identified, the Editor-in-Chief or a designated editor will conduct an initial assessment. Concerns may be raised by authors, editors, peer reviewers, readers, research institutions, or other relevant parties.
The editorial team will examine the available evidence and may request explanations or supporting documentation from the author(s). Where appropriate, JMD may also contact the authors' affiliated institutions, funding organizations, or other relevant parties to obtain further information.
The author(s) will ordinarily be given a reasonable opportunity to respond to the concerns raised. The journal will assess the response alongside the available evidence and applicable publication ethics standards.
The final decision to retract an article rests with the Editor-in-Chief or an appropriately independent editor if a conflict of interest exists. The decision will be made in accordance with JMD's editorial policies and relevant guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
A lack of cooperation or disagreement from the author(s) will not automatically prevent retraction when sufficient evidence supports the decision.
When an article is retracted, JMD will publish a clearly identified retraction notice that:
Identifies the retracted article by title, author(s), publication details, and DOI, where available.
Explains the reasons for retraction clearly, objectively, and factually.
Distinguishes between honest error and misconduct where the available evidence supports such a distinction.
Identifies the party or parties issuing the retraction notice.
Provides a direct link between the notice and the original article.
Is freely accessible to readers and forms part of the permanent scholarly record.
The retraction notice will be published as promptly as reasonably possible after the decision has been made.
The original article will ordinarily remain available in the journal's archive but will be clearly marked as RETRACTED, with a prominent link to the retraction notice. The journal will retain the article's bibliographic record to preserve transparency and maintain the integrity of the scholarly archive.
A published article will not be removed solely because an author requests its withdrawal or no longer wishes to have the work available. Removal may be considered only in exceptional circumstances, such as applicable legal requirements or serious privacy and safety concerns, and must be handled in a manner consistent with the preservation of the scholarly record.
Withdrawal applies primarily to manuscripts that have not yet been formally published.
Authors who wish to withdraw a submitted or accepted manuscript must submit a formal written request to the Editor-in-Chief or the editorial office, explaining the reasons for the request.
The request must be submitted by the corresponding author and include confirmation that all listed authors agree to the withdrawal. The journal may request additional documentation or clarification where necessary, particularly when there is disagreement among the authors or a potential breach of publication ethics.
JMD will assess each request according to the manuscript's editorial status, the reasons for withdrawal, and the journal's publication ethics policies.
Withdrawal may be permitted before formal publication, provided that the request does not conceal simultaneous submission, research misconduct, authorship disputes, or other ethical violations.
An accepted manuscript may be considered for withdrawal if it has not yet been formally published as the version of record.
If a manuscript has already been posted online as a formally published article, the matter will ordinarily be handled through a correction, retraction, or another appropriate post-publication procedure rather than routine withdrawal.
The activation of a DOI is not, by itself, the sole criterion for determining whether an article has been formally published. The journal will consider the publication status of the work and the applicable editorial procedures.
Withdrawal does not exempt authors from accountability for any research or publication ethics violations identified during the editorial process.
If a manuscript has appeared in an online posting or early-publication format before formal publication and its withdrawal is approved, JMD may replace the manuscript file with a withdrawal notice, where appropriate.
The notice should identify the manuscript, explain that it has been withdrawn, and provide relevant bibliographic information where available.
JMD will preserve appropriate administrative and bibliographic records of the withdrawal to maintain transparency in the editorial process.
Published articles will not ordinarily be deleted from the journal's archive. Where exceptional circumstances require the removal or restriction of published content, the journal will assess the matter carefully and preserve an appropriate notice or record where legally and ethically permissible.
JMD may publish a correction when an error or omission is identified in a published article but does not invalidate the overall reliability of the research or its principal conclusions.
Corrections may be appropriate in circumstances including:
Errors in data presentation, calculations, tables, figures, or other published information that could mislead readers.
Incorrect author names, affiliations, acknowledgments, or funding information.
Errors in citations, references, or bibliographic details that require formal correction.
Omissions or inaccuracies that affect the interpretation or presentation of the research but do not undermine its overall validity.
Other material errors introduced during manuscript preparation, editorial processing, or publication production.
If an error substantially undermines the reliability of the research findings or conclusions, the editorial team will consider whether retraction or another form of editorial action is more appropriate.
JMD recognizes the following forms of correction:
a. Publisher Correction
A publisher correction addresses significant errors introduced during editorial processing, copyediting, typesetting, or production. Such errors may affect the accuracy, interpretation, presentation, or integrity of the published article.
b. Author Correction
An author correction addresses significant errors made by the author(s) during manuscript preparation or reporting. These may include errors in data presentation, author information, funding disclosures, or other published content requiring formal correction.
c. Addendum
An addendum provides additional information necessary to clarify, complement, or expand the content of an already published article. An addendum may be considered when the additional information improves readers' understanding of the original work without replacing or invalidating its principal findings.
When a potential error is reported, the Editor-in-Chief or a designated editor will evaluate the issue and determine whether a formal correction is necessary. The journal may consult the original author(s), peer reviewers, editorial board members, or other relevant experts where appropriate.
The author(s) may be asked to provide clarification, supporting evidence, or a proposed correction. The final decision regarding the necessity, scope, and form of a correction rests with the Editor-in-Chief or an appropriately designated independent editor.
Once approved, the correction notice will be published and linked to the original article. The notice will identify the corrected information and describe the changes sufficiently clearly to inform readers of the nature and extent of the correction.
Corrections will be handled transparently and in a timely manner. The journal will maintain an appropriate record of the correction and ensure that readers can identify the corrected information in relation to the original publication.
JMD may publish an editorial note when a potential issue concerning a published article requires readers' attention but has not yet been fully resolved.
An editorial note may be considered when the journal becomes aware of credible concerns about research integrity, publication ethics, authorship, data reliability, or other matters requiring clarification. It may also be appropriate while the journal seeks additional information from the author(s), affiliated institutions, or other relevant parties.
An editorial note is intended to inform readers about the status of an unresolved matter. It does not, by itself, establish that misconduct has occurred or that the article's findings are invalid.
Where necessary, the editorial note may subsequently be supplemented or followed by a correction, an expression of concern, a retraction, or another appropriate editorial action, depending on the outcome of the assessment.
JMD may issue an Expression of Concern when substantial questions have been raised about the reliability, integrity, or ethical compliance of a published article, but the available evidence is insufficient to support an immediate and definitive decision on retraction.
An expression of concern may be considered in circumstances including:
There is credible but inconclusive evidence of research misconduct or publication ethics violations.
There are reasonable grounds to question the reliability of the research findings, but the investigation has not reached a conclusive outcome.
The relevant institution has not initiated an investigation or has been unable to provide sufficient information to resolve the concerns.
An investigation into alleged misconduct has been delayed, is inconclusive, or raises concerns regarding its fairness or independence.
Additional evidence is required before the journal can determine whether a correction, retraction, or other editorial action is warranted.
The decision to issue an expression of concern rests with the Editor-in-Chief or a designated independent editor and will be based on the available evidence and the need to inform readers of unresolved concerns.
The notice will identify the article concerned, explain the nature of the concern to the extent supported by the available evidence, and provide a direct link to the original publication. The notice will remain part of the scholarly record and will be freely accessible to readers.
When additional evidence becomes available or the investigation is concluded, JMD will reassess the matter and determine whether a correction, retraction, further editorial notice, or no additional action is appropriate.
An expression of concern does not constitute a final determination of research misconduct.
All decisions concerning withdrawal, correction, retraction, editorial notes, and expressions of concern will be handled objectively, fairly, and independently.
JMD will consider the available evidence, the seriousness of the issue, the responses of the parties concerned, and the potential consequences for the integrity of the scholarly record. The journal will respect procedural fairness and confidentiality to the extent appropriate while ensuring that readers are informed of material concerns affecting published research.
The author(s)' agreement is not a prerequisite for issuing a correction or retraction when the editorial decision is supported by sufficient evidence and applicable publication ethics standards.
Where the Editor-in-Chief has a conflict of interest, the matter will be referred to an appropriately independent editor or designated decision-maker to ensure impartial handling.
The Jurnal Riset Manajemen dan Bisnis Dewantara (JMD) is committed to following recognized publication ethics standards, including the relevant guidance provided by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
The journal will review and manage cases involving withdrawal, correction, retraction, editorial notes, and expressions of concern in accordance with this policy and other applicable editorial and publication ethics requirements.
For further information, please refer to the COPE Retraction Guidelines.
Through this policy, JMD seeks to protect the integrity of its published research, maintain public confidence in the scholarly record, and ensure that editorial actions are proportionate, transparent, and supported by appropriate evidence.
